A tale of two Great Lakes conferences: Urging global collaboration on our largest freshwater resources

Scientific meetings and conferences are a part of the scientific process, and can facilitate collaboration, idea-sharing, and harmonization of research and management. The success of a conference can be measured using many criteria, including consistency and reoccurrence of the meetings, credibility by participation of reputable professionals, and attendance by a diverse community. In the interest of increasing the success of large-lake, freshwater science, policy, and management, this comment focuses on two recent conferences attended by the authors: the 60th annual meeting of the International Association for Great Lakes Research, in Detroit, U.S.A., and the African Great Lakes Conference, in Entebbe, Uganda. By our measures of success, we suggest that to make a larger impact on research, policy, and management of global, large, freshwater lakes that each conference can improve, either through greater diversity of experts from the global freshwater research community, or by consistently reoccurring on a regular basis.     

Simple Wet Rendering Method for Extraction of Prime Quality Oil from Skipjack Tuna Eyeballs

Oil from skipjack tuna (ST) eyeballs is extracted by the wet rendering method at 121 °C for different holding times (5–60 min) using an autoclave. Yield increases as heating time increases up to 20 min (p < 0.05); no further increase is obtained with a longer heating time (p > 0.05). Conversely, acid value and total polar compounds increase. However, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and anisidine value (AnV) decrease up to 30 min. No changes in unsaponifiable matter (UM) or conjugated diene (CD) are attained, regardless of heating time. Polar components (PC) increase with heating time (p < 0.05). All oil samples have a high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content (40.46–41.00%), with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the range of 20.94–21.26% and 37.77–38.45%, respectively. PUFA content is reduced slightly with a heating time of 60 min. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (C22:6, n3) is the dominant fatty acid in all samples (31.67–32.24%). Based on FTIR spectra, heating for longer time results in lower intensity at wavenumbers of 3015 and 1740 cm^?1. Thus, light yellow oil from ST eyeballs prepared by a green process for an appropriate time can serve as an excellent source of DHA and other PUFA. Practical Applications: Tuna oil is known to be a rich source of DHA and PUFA with health benefits. However, precooked tuna heads, generally used as raw material, yield oils with a very dark color and offensive odor, which require several refinery processes. To reduce the number of steps in the refinery process, tuna eyeballs which are separated from tuna heads can render higher quality fish oil. Moreover, the wet rendering process, a green process without toxic substances, can be used without causing environmental problems.     

Combined effects of wheat gluten and carboxymethylcellulose on dough rheological behaviours and gluten network of potato–wheat flour-based bread

Incorporating high level of potato flour into wheat flour enhances nutritional values of bread but induces a series of problems that lead to the decline of the bread quality. To overcome the barrier, wheat gluten and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were added into potato–wheat composite flour to improve dough machinability and bread quality. The rheological properties, thermo-mechanical properties and microstructures of dough were investigated. The results showed that the interaction between gluten and CMC mitigated the discontinuity of gluten matrix and gluten protein aggregation caused by the addition of potato flour, which yielded a more branched and compact gluten network. The compact three-dimensional viscoelastic structure induced improvements of gas retention capacity and dough stability, making it mimic the machinability properties of wheat flour dough. Bread qualities were apparently improved with the combined use of 4% gluten and 6% CMC, of which specific volume increased by 42.86%, and simultaneously, hardness reduced by 75.93%.     

Promoting or prohibiting: Understanding the influence of social media on international students’ acculturation process,coping strategies,and psychological consequences

Although the unprecedented prevalence of social media has infiltrated into international students’ daily trajectories and become an indispensable component of their intercultural communication, yet surprisingly few attempts have been implemented to systematically unpack how the innovative technology could play a role in these sojourners’ acculturation experiences and the consequences of migration and cross-cultural adaption. In order to address such research gap, the objective of this present article is to provide a review of academic, peer-reviewed journal studies that examined the potential effect of social media engagement on international university students’ acculturation process, coping strategies, and psychological adjustments during the period from 2010 to 2019. Moreover, building upon conceptualizations from new media and transcultural research literature, a conceptual framework was developed to classify the relevant studies for further analysis. Overall, these theories and studies synthesized in this paper emphasize the vital role of social media in the acculturation, coping behaviors and mental health for ethnic minorities in the host country. Additionally, certain dimensions of attitudes and behaviors through social media could exert the important influence on the psychological adaption. Therefore, conclusions of the research may assist to further inform practitioners who may encounter newcomers’ experiencing intercultural adjustments and psychological issues in the digital media age. Furthermore, this current review may also help educators determine certain barriers that have not been resolved in campus tactics which may influence the acculturation of sojourning populations.     

对矿产品国际贸易定价权本质的探讨

在矿产品的国际贸易中,国际垄断集团每年从中国可以获得成百上千亿美元的垄断利润。中国无论是作为矿产品的最大消费国还是最大供给国,都没有矿产品的定价权,价格都由国际垄断集团所控制。国际垄断集团控制矿产品价格的手段很多,但最主要的方法是通过控制全球低成本的矿产资源开发量来控制价格。西方发达国家的政府是为垄断资本服务的,幕后的决策者是垄断资本和金融寡头;在中国,起支撑和主导作用的国有企业资产是由政府监管的。但由于我国仍处于社会主义初级阶段,中国特色社会主义市场经济体制下的市场竞争比较充分,而要以我国市场中各分散的企业与国际垄断集团竞争,获取矿产品定价权是非常困难的。我们只有组织起来,团结一致,创新机制,做到知己知彼,以正确的战略思想做指导,灵活运用各种策略,才有希望摆脱被控制的局面。     

理性之路，从建造史看传统走向现代

本文以第六届国际建造史学术会议为素材,介绍和分析了本届会议的部分重要研究成果和研究内容,试图提供建造史学科领域内最新的研究方向、方法,以及它们的研究动因和未来的发展;并从"建造"的角度,揭示了传统向现代主义转变的"理性"之路。     

核与辐射事件医学应急管理体系国际比较

介绍了我国核与辐射事件医学应急管理体系的构成,并将之与日本、美国、法国、俄罗斯和加拿大的核与辐射事件医学应急管理体系进行比较,分析其优缺点,同时介绍了WHO和IAEA在核与辐射事件医学应急中的作用,在此基础上提出建立健全我国核与辐射应急医学管理体系、提升医学应急救援能力的建议。     

论我国目前的矿业国际竞争力

本文应用REP和TSC参数 ,对我国矿业的国际竞争力状况进行了较为定量化的讨论 ,并简要探讨了矿业各相关产业具不同国际竞争力的原因     

煤炭市场与国际市场接轨的分析

论述了随着我国成为世界贸易组织正式成员，煤炭市场与国际接轨的现实性已经形成。首先是煤炭体系的接轨，其次是市场经济理念方式的接轨，还要实现煤炭价格与国际市场价格的接轨和贸易方式的接轨。     

铁矿石检测技术及其新进展

随着近年来铁矿石作为大宗金属矿产品，国际贸易结算时对相关指标要求更为精确、更全面和快捷，铁矿石的检测分析也越凸现其重要性。由于工作的需要，需接触更多的检测新技术。目前，检测项目的拓展和新的检测技术发展已经对铁矿石检测领域产生深远的影响。文中对铁矿石传统检测技术和新技术应用情况作了介绍，并对其发展提出了看法。